An array in Java is a collection of elements of the same type stored in contiguous memory locations. It is a fixed-size data structure.

• Declaration: int[] arr;
• Initialization: arr = new int[5];
• Combined: int[] arr = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};

• Single-Dimensional Array → One row of elements.
• Multi-Dimensional Array → Arrays within arrays (e.g., 2D arrays like matrices).

Advantages:

• Simple and easy to use.
• Provides fast access (index-based).

 Limitations:

• Fixed size (cannot grow dynamically).
• Stores only homogeneous data types.

• Arrays are objects in Java, stored in the heap memory.
• Each element is accessed using an index starting from 0.