Final Project

Congratulations! You've learned the core concepts of Python. Now it's time to build a complete project that brings everything together. We'll create a Task Manager CLI Application that uses:

Object‑Oriented Programming (classes)
File I/O to store tasks
Exception handling
Functions and modules
List comprehensions and control flow

Project Requirements
Users should be able to:
- Add a new task (with description and due date)
- View all tasks
- Mark a task as complete
- Delete a task
- Save tasks to a file and load them on startup

Step 1: Define the Task Class
We'll create a `Task` class to represent each task.

import datetime

class Task:
    def __init__(self, description, due_date):
        self.description = description
        self.due_date = due_date
        self.completed = False

    def __str__(self):
        status = "[X]" if self.completed else "[ ]"
        return f"{status} {self.description} (due: {self.due_date})"

Step 2: Task Manager Class
Manages the list of tasks and handles persistence.

import json

class TaskManager:
    def __init__(self, filename="tasks.json"):
        self.filename = filename
        self.tasks = []
        self.load_tasks()

    def add_task(self, description, due_date):
        try:
            # Validate due_date format
            due = datetime.datetime.strptime(due_date, "%Y-%m-%d").date()
            task = Task(description, due)
            self.tasks.append(task)
            return True
        except ValueError:
            return False

    def view_tasks(self, show_completed=True):
        for i, task in enumerate(self.tasks, 1):
            if show_completed or not task.completed:
                print(f"{i}. {task}")

    def mark_complete(self, index):
        if 1 <= index <= len(self.tasks):
            self.tasks[index-1].completed = True
            return True
        return False

    def delete_task(self, index):
        if 1 <= index <= len(self.tasks):
            self.tasks.pop(index-1)
            return True
        return False

    def save_tasks(self):
        data = [{"description": t.description, "due_date": t.due_date.isoformat(), "completed": t.completed} for t in self.tasks]
        with open(self.filename, "w") as f:
            json.dump(data, f, indent=2)

    def load_tasks(self):
        try:
            with open(self.filename, "r") as f:
                data = json.load(f)
                for item in data:
                    due = datetime.datetime.fromisoformat(item["due_date"]).date()
                    task = Task(item["description"], due)
                    task.completed = item["completed"]
                    self.tasks.append(task)
        except (FileNotFoundError, json.JSONDecodeError):
            # No saved tasks or corrupted file – start fresh
            pass

Step 3: Command‑Line Interface
Put everything together with a simple menu.

def main():
    manager = TaskManager()
    while True:
        print("n=== Task Manager ====")
        print("1. Add Task")
        print("2. View Tasks")
        print("3. Mark Task Complete")
        print("4. Delete Task")
        print("5. Save & Exit")
        choice = input("Choose an option: ").strip()

        if choice == "1":
            desc = input("Description: ")
            due = input("Due date (YYYY-MM-DD): ")
            if manager.add_task(desc, due):
                print("Task added.")
            else:
                print("Invalid date format. Use YYYY-MM-DD.")

        elif choice == "2":
            manager.view_tasks()

        elif choice == "3":
            manager.view_tasks()
            try:
                idx = int(input("Task number to mark complete: "))
                if manager.mark_complete(idx):
                    print("Task marked complete.")
                else:
                    print("Invalid task number.")
            except ValueError:
                print("Please enter a number.")

        elif choice == "4":
            manager.view_tasks()
            try:
                idx = int(input("Task number to delete: "))
                if manager.delete_task(idx):
                    print("Task deleted.")
                else:
                    print("Invalid task number.")
            except ValueError:
                print("Please enter a number.")

        elif choice == "5":
            manager.save_tasks()
            print("Tasks saved. Goodbye!")
            break

        else:
            print("Invalid option. Try again.")

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

Step 4: Run and Test
Save the code in a file (e.g., `task_manager.py`) and run it. Try adding tasks, viewing them, marking complete, and exiting. The tasks will be saved to `tasks.json` and reloaded next time.

This project uses all the concepts you've learned: classes, file I/O, exception handling, list comprehensions, and user interaction. You can extend it further by adding features like due‑date sorting, searching, or a graphical interface.

Two Minute Drill

This capstone project ties together OOP, file I/O, exception handling, and CLI design.
Tasks are stored in a JSON file for persistence.
The CLI provides a menu‑driven interface.
You can extend the project with new features to practice more.
Congratulations on completing the Python tutorial!

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